IoT Security · 2018 edition
OWASP Top 10 for Internet of Things security, covering firmware vulnerabilities, insecure interfaces, and device authentication risks.
Official OWASP list| Rank | Risk | Summary | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | Weak Authentication and Access Control | Default credentials, missing MFA, and inadequate access controls enable unauthorized device access and control. | Details |
| 02 | Insecure Network Services and Protocols | Unprotected network services, legacy protocols, and exposed debug interfaces provide direct attack paths. | Details |
| 03 | Insecure Update and Patch Management | Missing or insecure update mechanisms prevent vulnerability remediation and enable malicious firmware injection. | Details |
| 04 | Insecure Data Handling and Privacy | Sensitive data transmitted or stored without encryption, combined with excessive data collection, creates privacy and security risks. | Details |
| 05 | Insecure Ecosystem and Cloud Interfaces | Vulnerable cloud platforms, mobile apps, and APIs in the IoT ecosystem enable device compromise and data theft. | Details |
| 06 | Vulnerable Third-Party Components | Outdated libraries, operating systems, and SDKs with known vulnerabilities are embedded in IoT devices. | Details |
| 07 | Insufficient Device Management and Monitoring | Lack of centralized management prevents security monitoring, configuration, and incident response across IoT deployments. | Details |
| 08 | Insecure Physical Security | Insufficient physical protections enable device tampering, firmware extraction, and hardware-level attacks. | Details |
| 09 | Insecure Default Configuration | Devices ship with insecure default settings that prioritize convenience over security and are rarely changed by users. | Details |
| 10 | Lack of Security Lifecycle Support | Manufacturers abandon devices without security updates, vulnerability disclosure processes, or end-of-life support. | Details |
